最早的大型木匠蜜蜂 (Xylocopa) 和其附着的花粉 (Araliaceae,Theaceae)
Christian Geier1, Michael S Engel2,3,4, Johannes M Bouchal1
1University of Vienna, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, Division of Structural and Functional Botany, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
概括
来自德国伊纪的化石木匠蜜蜂直接显示与特定花朵的关联. 这一发现提供了早期授粉者与植物关系的证据,揭示了古代蜜蜂上来自Theaceae和Araliaceae家族的花粉.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 古植物学是古植物学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 授粉者与宿主植物的关联对于生态系统的功能至关重要.
- 这些关系的化石证据通常是间接的,基于形态学.
- 梅塞尔化石遗址为直接证据提供了特殊的保存.
研究的目的:
- 为了报道从一个化石木匠蜜蜂从Eocene Messel恢复花粉.
- 确定最早出现的蜜蜂部落Xylocopini,并描述一个新的灭绝物种.
- 为了研究这个化石蜜蜂的授粉者与宿主植物的联系.
主要方法:
- 在化石木匠蜜蜂 (Apidae:Xylocopinae:Xylocopini) 的身体和腿上发现的花粉粒的分析.
- 化石花粉与现存和灭绝的花粉类型的形态比较.
- 对Theaceae和Araliaceae家族的现代花朵来访者的检查.
主要成果:
- 在化石蜜蜂上发现了两种尤迪科特花粉类型 (Theaceae和Araliaceae).
- 鉴定该化石蜜蜂是Xylocopini部落的早期代表,被描述为*Xylocopa* (*Apocolyx*) *primigenia*.
- 提供了Eocene Messel生物群中授粉者-植物相互作用的直接证据.
结论:
- 化石蜜蜂 *Xylocopa* (*Apocolyx*) *primigenia* 直接与茶叶科和阿拉利亚科有关.
- 这一发现代表了蜜蜂部落Xylocopini最早的直接化石证据.
- 这项研究增强了对伊欧时代偏热带生态系统和植物-传粉者动态的理解.
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