青少年精神药理学中的迷幻疗法:考虑安全性,伦理性和科学严谨性
Isabella Sutherland1, Ming-Fen Ho2,3, Paul E Croarkin2
1University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology
|January 6, 2025
概括
对成人迷幻疗法的研究正在增长,但对儿童和青少年的研究是有限的. 我们倡导安全,受控的研究,以解决这个弱势群体的潜在风险和益处.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 迷幻疗法,包括3,4-甲基二氧化甲胺胺 (MDMA),psilocybin和lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD),对成人心理健康状况显示出希望.
- 针对儿科和青少年群体的这些物质的研究非常稀缺,没有最近的临床试验记录.
研究的目的:
- 为了突出人们对成年人的迷幻疗法的日益兴趣.
- 为了强调在青少年中使用迷幻物质的有限研究和潜在风险.
- 倡导对青少年的迷幻疗法的结构化,安全和受控的研究.
主要方法:
- 对当前成年人的迷幻疗法研究的文献综述.
- 对有关儿科和青少年群体的研究差距的分析.
- 讨论与青少年对迷幻物质的实验相关的潜在风险.
主要成果:
- 对于成年人治疗PTSD,抑郁症和焦虑症等疾病的迷幻药辅助疗法,有显著的前景.
- 青少年代表了一个脆弱的人口统计学群体,关于迷幻疗法的有效性和安全性的科学数据有限.
- 随着这些物质的可获得性增加,青少年在未经监督的情况下使用这些物质存在风险.
结论:
- 对青少年心理治疗的治疗潜力和安全性进行严格的科学研究是非常需要的.
- 结构化,受控的研究对于指导儿科心理干预的临床实践和政策至关重要.
- 解决研究差距至关重要,因为青少年实验的潜力和这个年龄组的独特发展考虑因素.
相关概念视频
01:27Hallucinogens and Psychedelics
156
Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
156
01:22CNS Stimulants: Psychedelic Agents
123
Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelic drugs, are a class of substances known for their ability to alter perception, cognition, and emotions. Despite their profound effects on the mind, these drugs are non-addictive, setting them apart from many other abused substances. The mechanism of action of these drugs lies in their impact on the 5-HT2A receptor in the brain. Upon activation, this receptor couples to Gq-type G proteins, triggering a cascade that releases intracellular calcium. This...
123
01:28Drug Therapy
37
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
37
01:26Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
103
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
103
01:56Ethics in Research
22.9K
Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
22.9K
01:30Electroconvulsive Therapy
22
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
22