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用腿的嗅觉 - 蜘蛛使用壁孔传感器来检测费洛蒙
Mohammad Belal Talukder1, Carsten H G Müller1, Dan-Dan Zhang1,2
1General and Systematic Zoology, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany.
概括
雄性球织蜘蛛拥有专门的腿部感觉器,用于检测雌性性激素. 这一发现增强了我们对蜘蛛嗅觉和关节动物感官进化的理解.
科学领域:
- 关节动物感官生物学
- 嗅觉的演变 嗅觉的演变
- 蜘蛛的化学接收
背景情况:
- 嗅觉对陆地物种至关重要,但对蜘蛛来说了解甚少.
- 球织蜘蛛 *Argiope bruennichi* 提供了一个研究嗅觉的模型,因为它已知的性激素.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究雄性 *Argiope bruennichi* 蜘蛛的嗅觉能力.
- 识别和描述涉及费洛蒙检测的感觉结构.
- 探索蜘蛛内部这些结构的进化历史.
主要方法:
- 在男性 *Argiope bruennichi* 腿部感官的超结构分析.
- 来自个体感应器的电生理记录.
- 对来自16个家族的19种蜘蛛物种进行了比较形态分析.
主要成果:
- 在雄性 *A. bruennichi* 的行走腿上发现了丰富的,以前被忽视的带有壁孔的感觉.
- 这些壁孔感官表现出对女性性激素的高度敏感性和度依赖的反应.
- 壁孔感官是男性特有的 * A. bruennichi * ,在女性和未成年男性中缺席.
- 初步数据表明,壁孔感官至少演化了一次,并在蜘蛛体内多次消失.
结论:
- 雄性 *A. bruennichi* 使用特定的腿部感觉来检测雌性激素,揭示了一个新的嗅觉机制.
- 壁孔感官的存在和分布在蜘蛛家族之间有所不同,这表明了复杂的进化模式.
- 这项研究扩大了蜘蛛感官生态和关节动物嗅觉进化的知识.
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