巴西亚热带土壤中的铜预防值
Thiago Ramos Freitas1, Rafaela Alves Dos Santos Peron1, Luis Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho1
1Santa Catarina State University, Center for Agroveterinary Sciences, Department of Soils and Natural Resources, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Chemosphere
|January 6, 2025
概括
巴西的铜 (PV) 土壤质量指南使用土壤无脊椎动物进行了测试. 结果显示,铜对生殖产生负面影响,计算的光伏值高于当前的国家标准,这表明目前的法规可能没有足够的保护.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 巴西国家环境委员会 (CONAMA) 的第420/2009号决议为铜设定了土壤质量指导值,称为预防值 (PV).
- 这些PVs定义了土壤中化学物质的最大允许度,这对于环境保护和风险评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估通过CONAMA第420/2009号决议建立的国家铜PV的有效性.
- 评估铜对巴西亚热带土壤无脊椎动物的影响.
主要方法:
- 暴露测定使用鱼 (Enchytraeus crypticus,Enchytraeus bigeminus,Enchytraeus dudichi) 和春尾鱼 (Folsomia candida,Proisotoma minuta,Sinella curviseta) 进行了暴露测定.
- 在巴西的两个亚热带土壤中进行了测试:一个拉托索尔和一个阿吉索尔.
- 无脊椎动物的生殖能力在不同的铜度下测量,以确定有效度 (EC20和EC50).
主要成果:
- 随着度的增加,铜显著降低了所有测试的土壤生物的繁殖能力.
- 与拉托索尔相比,阿吉索尔在所有物种中表现出较低的生殖有效度 (EC20和EC50).
- 昆虫 E. bigeminus 是最敏感的物种,而春尾 S. curviseta 显示出更高的 EC20 值,P. minuta 显示出最高的 EC50 值.
结论:
- 根据物种灵敏度分布 (SSD) 计算的PV为拉托索尔172毫克公斤-1 (EC50) 和158毫克公斤-1 (EC20),而阿吉索尔106毫克公斤-1 (EC50) 和100毫克公斤-1 (EC20).
- 计算的光伏值大大高于巴西采用的铜的光伏值 (60毫克/公斤-1).
- 这表明,目前的CONAMA决议420/2009可能无法充分保护这些巴西土壤中的铜毒性.
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