印度慢性病患病率:2011年至2023年间基于社区的代表性证据的系统审查和元分析
Rounik Talukdar1, Revathy Ajayan2, Shefali Gupta3
1ICMR-Cochrane Affiliate Centre, Division of Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research Headquarters, New Delhi, India.
Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)
|January 7, 2025
概括
印度慢性病 (CKD) 的患病率为13.24%,在2011年至2023年期间观察到上升趋势. 农村地区的CKD患病率高于城市地区.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 在全球范围内构成重大健康负担,在不同地理区域的流行率各不相同.
- 了解印度CKD的流行病状况对于制定有针对性的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合2011年1月至2023年12月印度CKD流行情况的现有社区研究.
- 确定印度各地CKD患病率的趋势和区域差异.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和EMBASE数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括的研究使用JBI工具进行了质量评估,并使用随机效应模型汇总了数据.
- 通过子组分析,元回归和灵敏度分析来探索异质性;使用DOI图表和LFK指数评估出版偏差.
主要成果:
- 在印度进行的18项社区研究中,CKD的综合患病率为13.24% (95%CI:10.5216.22%).
- 在男性 (14.80%) 患病率高于女性 (13.51%),在南部行政区 (14.78%) 和农村地区 (15.34%) 患病率高于城市地区 (10.65%).
- 观察到CKD患病率的显著上升趋势,从11.12% (20112017) 增加到16.38% (20182023).
结论:
- 这些发现表明,印度的CKD患病率显著且越来越高,特别是在农村人口中.
- 存在显著的异质性,需要进一步的区域研究来为定制的CKD检测和管理策略提供信息.
- 预测间隔表明,印度未来的CKD患病率可能在2.64%至30.17%之间.
相关概念视频
01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
53
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
53
01:27Dialysis
261
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
261
01:10Nephrons
2.1K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
2.1K
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
62
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
62
01:07Determination of Renal Drug Clearance: Graphical and Midpoint Methods
71
Renal clearance, a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics, can be determined using two different methods: the graphical method and the midpoint method. These methods provide insights into the rate of drug excretion by the kidneys and aid in assessing renal function.
The graphical method involves plotting the rate of drug excretion in urine against the plasma drug concentration. By analyzing the graph, the clearance can be calculated and obtained. Drugs rapidly excreted by the kidneys exhibit a...
The graphical method involves plotting the rate of drug excretion in urine against the plasma drug concentration. By analyzing the graph, the clearance can be calculated and obtained. Drugs rapidly excreted by the kidneys exhibit a...
71
01:06Renal Drug Clearance: Overview
114
Renal clearance is a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics that quantifies the rate at which the kidneys excrete a drug. It represents a constant fraction of the central volume of distribution containing the drug that the kidney eliminates per unit of time.
Renal clearance can be calculated using different methods. One approach is to divide the urinary drug excretion rate by the plasma drug concentration. This method directly measures renal clearance, indicating the kidneys' efficiency in...
Renal clearance can be calculated using different methods. One approach is to divide the urinary drug excretion rate by the plasma drug concentration. This method directly measures renal clearance, indicating the kidneys' efficiency in...
114