综合遗传和生活方式风险与发生2型糖尿病的关联在英国生物银行
Chi Zhao1, Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas2, Raji Balasubramanian1
1Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
不健康的生活方式显著增加2型糖尿病的风险,特别是那些具有高遗传倾向的人. 然而,采用健康的行为可以在所有遗传风险水平上大幅降低2型糖尿病的风险.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和公共卫生
- 代谢性疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 2型糖尿病 (T2D) 是由遗传易感性和生活方式因素之间的复杂相互作用引起的.
- 虽然遗传倾向和不健康的生活方式都是已知的T2D风险因素,但它们的综合影响需要进一步调查.
- 这项研究考察了可修改的健康行为如何影响T2D风险,跨越不同程度的遗传倾向.
研究的目的:
- 研究遗传风险评分 (GRS) 和生活方式与发生型2型糖尿病 (T2D) 风险之间的相互作用.
- 根据个体的遗传风险水平,确定不健康的生活方式行为是否会根据个体的遗传风险水平不同地放大T2D风险.
主要方法:
- 对332,251名非糖尿病英国生物库参与者的分析,使用Cox比例危险回归.
- 基于783个T2D相关变异的多祖先遗传风险评分 (GRS) 的计算,分为三种类型.
- 根据吸烟,BMI,体力活动和饮食质量,将生活方式分类为健康,中等或不健康.
主要成果:
- 无论是GRS还是生活方式,都与增加T2D风险独立相关 (P < 0.001).
- 不健康的生活方式增加了所有遗传风险层的T2D风险,调整后的危险比率 (HR) 从7.11 (低遗传风险) 到16.33 (高遗传风险) 之间.
- 高遗传风险和不健康的生活方式的综合效应代表了T2D发展的重要贡献者.
结论:
- 高遗传风险和不健康的生活方式是2型糖尿病的主要驱动因素.
- 改变生活方式对于减轻T2D风险至关重要,即使在具有高遗传倾向的个体中也是如此.
- 公共卫生战略应强调遗传风险评估和促进健康行为,以预防T2D.
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