追踪长期COVID幸存者:观察性研究的方法,实施和结果
Horng-Shiuann Wu1, Dola Pathak1, Mandy Hall2
1College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Research in nursing & health
|January 7, 2025
概括
长期COVID症状在许多成年人中持续存在,几乎一半的人在感染后近一年仍有症状. 女性的性别和急诊室的入院与症状严重程度和干扰的增加有关.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19的流行,大量的个人经历了持续的,使人衰弱的症状,通常被称为长期COVID.
- 长期的COVID对医疗保健系统和经济复苏构成重大挑战,因为它具有广泛和持久的性质.
研究的目的:
- 调查诊断后的时间与成年COVID-19幸存者的症状持续性之间的关系.
- 检查经历长期COVID的个体的特征,包括症状流行,严重程度和干扰.
主要方法:
- 通过从密歇根州中部的COVID-19患者登记处招募的两个患者队列 (2020-2021年和2021-2022年) 的数据进行了一项观察性研究.
- 参与者在诊断后至少3个月取样,症状经历 (数量,严重程度,干扰) 通过全面的症状清单自我报告.
主要成果:
- 66%的2020-2021年队列和47%的2021-2022年队列报告至少有一个持续的症状.
- 与男性相比,女性报告的症状明显更多,严重程度更高,干扰更大 (p<0.05).
- 门诊患者报告症状严重程度和干扰明显较低,与住院急诊部患者相比 (p<0.05).
结论:
- 很大一部分 (43%) 的成年人在COVID-19感染后近一年仍然表现出症状.
- 自诊断以来的时间并没有显著影响研究对象的症状体验.
- 女性性别和入院环境 (门诊与急诊部门) 是影响长期COVID症状呈现和管理的关键因素.
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