肯尼亚的养蜂管理可以减轻气候对蜜蜂的影响
Malena Sibaja Leyton1, H Michael G Lattorff2, Nkoba Kiatoko3
1Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya.
Journal of environmental management
|January 7, 2025
概括
肯尼亚养蜂人经历了大量蜜蜂殖民地损失,在2021-2022年平均达到36.6%. 较高的温度增加了损失,但降雨和补充水为养蜂人提供了减缓策略.
科学领域:
- 蜜蜂养殖和气候科学 蜜蜂养殖和气候科学
- 生态与环境科学 生态与环境科学
背景情况:
- 全球对蜂群健康的关注需要监测,因为撒哈拉以南非洲的数据有限.
- 了解气候变化对蜜蜂殖民地损失的影响至关重要,但研究不足,特别是在热带地区.
研究的目的:
- 在肯尼亚进行首次调查,估计2021-2022年蜜蜂群落损失 (牲畜减少).
- 探索环境因素,特别是温度和降水对殖民地损失的影响.
- 为面对气候变化的养蜂人确定潜在的适应策略.
主要方法:
- 一项调查对肯尼亚各地区的589名养蜂者进行了调查.
- "牲畜减少"从养蜂人的角度来定义,包括殖民地死亡和逃跑.
- 对殖民地损失的数据与季节性温度和降水模式以及补水实践进行了分析.
主要成果:
- 肯尼亚蜜蜂养殖者报告称,2021-2022年平均牲畜数量减少了36.6%.
- 干旱和炎热季节 (31.9%) 的殖民地损失高于潮湿和寒冷季节 (20.2%).
- 温度的升高与损失的升高相关,而降水显示有缓解作用.
- 使用补充水的养蜂人在炎热干燥的季节减少了10%的损失.
结论:
- 肯尼亚的蜜蜂殖民地损失受到温度和降雨的重大影响.
- 补充水是减轻气候相关损失的关键适应策略.
- 预计的气候变化影响表明肯尼亚养蜂人面临着持续的挑战,突出了适应性管理的必要性.
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