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相关概念视频

The Electron Transport Chain01:30

The Electron Transport Chain

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The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is an exothermic process in which free energy released during electron transfer reactions is coupled to ATP synthesis. This process is a significant source of energy in aerobic cells, and therefore inhibitors of the electron transport chain can be detrimental to the cell's metabolic processes.
Inhibitors of the electron transport chain
Rotenone, a widely used pesticide, prevents electron transfer from Fe-S cluster to ubiquinone or Q...
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Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

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The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
11.1K
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

3.2K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
3.2K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV01:43

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

7.0K
During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
7.0K
Chemiosmosis01:32

Chemiosmosis

97.0K
Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly efficient process that generates large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the basic unit of energy that drives many cellular processes. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two processes— the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain involves a series of protein complexes on the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergo a series of redox reactions. At the end of this chain, the electrons...
97.0K
ATP Synthase: Mechanism01:48

ATP Synthase: Mechanism

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In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Evaluation of Bioenergetic Function in Cerebral Vascular Endothelial Cells
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Evaluation of Bioenergetic Function in Cerebral Vascular Endothelial Cells

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酸盐调节内皮线粒体功能和屏障完整性

Reham Atallah1, Juergen Gindlhuber2, Wolfgang Platzer1

  • 1Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
概括

升高的酸盐会严重损害内皮细胞的线粒体功能和屏障完整性. 然而,随着时间的推移,细胞恢复,涉及VEGF和前列腺素通路,而 Askorbic 酸提供保护.

关键词:
屏障的完整性 屏障的完整性内皮细胞是内皮细胞.线粒体功能 线粒体功能有活性氧物种的反应性氧物种.顺酸是什么意思 顺酸

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Mitochondrial Respiration Quantification in Yeast Whole Cells
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Mitochondrial Respiration Quantification in Yeast Whole Cells

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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 病理生理学 病理生理学

背景情况:

  • 内皮功能障碍与癌症和心血管疾病等病理状况有关.
  • 在这些条件下观察到乱的TCA循环和酸盐积累.
  • 苏酸在炎症中的作用已被认可,但其对内皮细胞的影响尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 研究细胞内糖酸盐的升高如何影响内皮细胞功能和表型.
  • 探索内皮细胞中酸盐诱导的变化背后的机制.

主要方法:

  • 在体外功能测试使用人类静脉内皮细胞 (HUVECs).
  • 用二甲基糖酸盐 (DES) 进行刺激,这是一种细胞透的糖酸盐模拟物.
  • MTS测定,ROS测量,线粒体膜潜能评估,海马线粒体压力测试,西部抹杀,基因表达分析和内皮屏障透性测定.

主要成果:

  • 在HUVEC中,DES急剧降低了代谢活性,增加了ROS,并降低了线粒体膜潜力.
  • DES降低了氧气消耗率,最大呼吸和ATP的产生.
  • DES诱导了急性内皮膜屏障的透性和改变了细胞形态,但细胞在一夜之间出现了发芽和屏障恢复的恢复.
  • 酸盐诱导的变化包括过渡的ERK1/2酸化变化,混合的亡/生存基因表达特征,以及VEGF的上调.
  • 屏障恢复是由COX-2/PGE2/EP4信号传递调节的,而 Askorbic 酸防止了急性屏障破坏.

结论:

  • 酸盐显著调节内皮线粒体功能和屏障完整性.
  • 内皮细胞表现出一个涉及VEGF和前列腺素生产的平衡反应.
  • 亚斯科布酸可以防止急性苏酸诱导的内皮屏障破坏.