韩国国家癌症查计划在减少结肠直肠癌死亡率方面的有效性
Hyeon Ji Lee1, Kyeongmin Lee2, Byung Chang Kim3
1National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea.
Cancers
|January 8, 2025
概括
用便免疫化学测试 (FIT) 进行结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 查,有效降低了50-74岁人群的死亡率. 这项研究支持在这个年龄组实施FIT的国家CRC查计划.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 查的有效性,特别是便免疫化学测试 (FIT),需要进一步澄清.
- 自2004年以来,韩国国家癌症查计划 (KNCSP) 向50岁及以上的个人通过FIT提供了CRC查.
研究的目的:
- 评估KNCSP对降低CRC特异性死亡率的影响.
- 在一个大规模的国家计划中评估FIT查的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一项嵌套病例对照研究利用KNCSP数据库数据从5,944,540名年龄≥50岁的无癌症个体.
- 匹配分析将病例 (n=29,992例CRC诊断后死亡) 与对照进行了比较.
- 条件后勤回归分析了根据年龄组对CRC特异性死亡率的查效应.
主要成果:
- 与从未接受过查的人相比,从未接受过查的人的CRC特异性死亡率 (OR 0.74;95% CI,0.71-0.76) 几率降低了26%.
- 查频率增加与CRC特异性死亡率降低相关.
- 在50-74岁的人群中,查的好处是显著的,而在75-79岁的人群中,结果是不显著的,而在≥80岁的人群中,则是相反的趋势.
结论:
- 使用FIT进行的全国CRC大规模查对50-74岁的个人有效.
- 这些发现支持在国家计划中对50-74岁的个人实施FIT查.
- 针对年龄的具体考虑对于优化CRC查策略至关重要.
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