跌倒,步行和认知:与老年人的跌倒相关的风险因素 主观记忆投诉
Isabella Delgado1, Miguel Angello Camacho1, Isabella Pugliese2
1Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Valle del Lili, Carrera 98 No. 18-49, Cali 760032, Colombia.
概括
对于有记忆障碍的老年人来说,跌倒是一个很大的问题. 女性性别,高血压和脚是这群人中跌倒的关键风险因素.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 布是一个重大的公共卫生挑战,影响老年人的生活质量,独立性和医疗保健费用.
- 主观记忆障碍 (SMC) 和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 在老年人群中很常见,并可能增加跌倒风险.
- 了解SMC或MCI患者的跌倒风险因素对于有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究与老年人患有主观记忆障碍 (SMC) 或轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的跌倒相关的特定风险因素.
- 确定人口统计学,临床,认知和与步行相关的预测因素,以确定这群脆弱人群中跌倒的情况.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及50岁以上SMC或MCI的成年人的病例控制研究.
- 参与者接受了全面的神经心理评估和步行分析的定时启动和移动 (TUG) 测试.
- 使用后勤回归来确定赔率比率 (OR) 和p值,并对相关共变量进行调整.
主要成果:
- 摔倒者年龄较大,患高血压的可能性更高,有跌倒史,与不对称的手臂摆动相比,TUG测试的表现较慢.
- 语言流性和视觉结构能力的认知缺陷 (雷-奥斯特里特图复制) 与跌倒风险的增加有关.
- 确定的主要独立风险因素包括女性性别 (OR 3.55),年龄较大 (OR 1.08),高血压 (OR 3.33) 和跌倒 (OR 5.65).
结论:
- 对SMC的老年人进行临床跌倒风险评估应包括视觉结构能力和执行功能的评估.
- 女性的性别,高血压和脚的病史是该群体中落的可修改和不可修改的重要风险因素.
- 综合认知和运动评估对于识别高风险个体和制定有针对性的防摔干预措施至关重要.
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