加拿大的上游石油和天然气运营对社会人口和人口的暴露
Martin Lavoie1, David Risk1, Daniel Rainham2,3
1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada.
概括
加拿大阿尔伯塔省的石油和天然气行业污染物的暴露与心血管和呼吸系统风险的增加有关. 不平等表明,土著人民和受教育程度较低的个人不成比例地受到接近活跃井的影响.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 加拿大是全球主要的石油和天然气生产国,对甲排放有重大贡献.
- 虽然甲本身在低水平上对健康的影响很小,但同时排放的污染物对健康构成风险.
研究的目的:
- 为了绘制石油和天然气活动中的污染物.
- 评估受这些活动影响的人口人口统计数据.
- 分析井密度对阿尔伯塔省心血管和呼吸系统健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 地理空间分析以估计人口与石油和天然气井和火焰的距离.
- 人口统计分析以确定暴露的人口.
- 统计分析以将井密度与健康结果相关联.
主要成果:
- 大约13%的阿尔伯塔人生活在一个活跃井的1.5公里内;3%的人生活在一个火焰的1.5公里内.
- 发现了种族和社会经济差异,土著人民和受教育程度较低的个人暴露率更高.
- 心血管 (1.13-1.29) 和呼吸系统 (1.07-1.19) 结局的可能性增加,与低活跃井密度相关.
结论:
- 阿尔伯塔省的石油和天然气活动使得相当一部分人口暴露在相关污染物中.
- 包括心血管和呼吸系统问题在内的健康影响与接近石油和天然气井有关.
- 该研究强调了全球其他石油和天然气生产地区的研究需求.
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