人乳微生物群在婴儿神经发育中的作用:机制和临床影响
Valentina Biagioli1, Vincenzo Sortino2, Raffaele Falsaperla3
1Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
概括
人类母乳 (HM) 对婴儿营养至关重要,提供支持生长和预防疾病的生物活性分子. 人类牛奶寡糖 (HMO) 在微生物群-肠-大脑轴中起着关键作用,影响婴儿的长期健康.
科学领域:
- * 营养科学 营养科学
- * 儿科 儿科医生
- * 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- * 母乳 (HM) 是新生儿的最佳营养,含有促进健康生长的生物活性分子.
- *HM降低了婴儿死亡率和喘,糖尿病和胃肠道疾病等疾病的风险.
- *人乳寡糖化合物 (HMO) 具有免疫调节,益生菌和神经发育作用,支持微生物群-肠-大脑轴.
研究的目的:
- *审查目前关于母乳的研究,重点关注母乳寡糖化物 (HMO) 以及它们对婴儿健康的影响.
- * 探索HM和HMO在婴儿营养和微生物群-肠道-大脑轴的背景下的作用.
- * 确定有关HM成分临床结果的研究缺口,特别是营养不良的婴儿.
主要方法:
- * 通过使用关键词进行文献综述:"母乳养"",人乳寡糖化物"",微生物群-肠-大脑轴"",婴儿"和"营养不良".
- * 2013年至2024年间发表的文章来自Web of Science,PubMed和Scopus数据库.
- * 审查侧重于该领域的最新研究.
主要成果:
- *许多研究比较了母乳 (HM) 和婴儿配方奶粉 (IF) 的成分.
- *需要更多的纵向研究和随机对照试验 (RCT).
- *需要进一步研究,以阐明生物活性成分在健康,住院和营养不良的婴儿中的临床结果.
结论:
- * 母乳对婴儿健康至关重要,影响微生物群调节并提供神经保护.
- * 母乳的成分,特别是HMO,对于建立长期健康轨迹至关重要.
- * 了解母乳的全部影响对于优化婴儿营养和发育至关重要.
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