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相关概念视频

Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

3.4K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
3.4K
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

22.0K
One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
22.0K
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

30.2K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
30.2K
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

4.8K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
4.8K
Mutations01:35

Mutations

33.6K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
33.6K
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

8.0K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
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Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

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由嵌入在DNA中的核酸激素引发的非向突变.

Tetsuya Suzuki1, Kiyoharu Yasui1, Yasuo Komatsu2

  • 1Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.

International journal of molecular sciences
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
概括

在DNA中嵌入的核糖核酸通过一个依赖APOBEC3B的途径触发瓜基的突变. 这一发现表明,核糖核酸在APOBEC3依赖的癌症发病中起着作用.

关键词:
在 APOBEC3 中,APOBEC3 是远程作用的突变变异.核糖核酸是一种核糖核酸.

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Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA
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Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA

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A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells
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相关实验视频

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Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

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Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA
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Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA

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A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells
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A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • DNA聚合酶可以将核糖核酸5'-三酸盐错误地纳入DNA链中.
  • 纳入的核糖核酸可以导致DNA损伤和突变.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究纳入的核糖核酸对人类细胞中非向突变的影响.
  • 阐明核糖核酸诱导突变的机制.

主要方法:

  • 在等离子体中引入riboguanosine (rG) 进入supF基因.
  • 在48小时后转化为U2OS细胞和DNA恢复.
  • 使用埃舍里希亚大肠杆菌RF01菌株和RNA干扰进行APOBEC3B淘汰的突变分析.

主要成果:

  • 在5'-GpA-3'二核酸中的G基中观察到频繁的非目标基替代.
  • 这些突变在APOBEC3B淘汰后减少了大约80%.
  • 突变模式类似于由氧化损伤或APOBEC3活性引起的远程作用突变.

结论:

  • 嵌入的核糖核酸酶通过依赖APOBEC3B的机制诱导G基的基替代突变.
  • рибо核化物可能会导致依赖APOBEC3的癌症发病事件.