地中海果在巴尔干半岛的入侵历史和分散动态
Mario Bjeliš1, Vasilis G Rodovitis2, Darija Lemic3
1University Department of Marine Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 31, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Insects
|January 8, 2025
概括
地中海果 (Medfly) 正在扩大其范围进入欧洲较冷的地区,在巴尔干半岛内陆和更高的海拔地区发现的数量增加. 这种入侵性害虫正在适应新的气候,并感染各种各样的宿主植物.
科学领域:
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 地中海果 (Ceratitis capitata) 是一个重要的全球农业害虫,感染了300多种植物.
- 它是一种来自撒哈拉以南非洲的入侵物种,有着跨大陆传播的历史.
- 近几十年来,中已经扩散到更冷,温带地区,包括中欧和地中海北部地区.
研究的目的:
- 分析巴尔干半岛中现象学的历史和当前数据.
- 绘制入侵路径的地图,了解地中海北部和中欧地区的传播动态.
- 评估中对巴尔干半岛新气候条件和宿主植物的适应性.
主要方法:
- 汇编和分析历史记录和实地观察中存在的情况.
- 地理地图的medfly检测站点和随时间的分布.
- 在巴尔干地区对受感染的宿主植物物种及其家族的记录.
主要成果:
- 1915年,Medfly在巴尔干半岛首次被记录,并在20世纪中叶沿海地区传播.
- 自2000年以来,巴尔干内部的检测量显著增加,包括具有挑战性的过冬条件的地区.
- 向北 (43-45°北) 和更高的海拔地区 (200-600米),感染了10个家族的25种宿主植物物种.
结论:
- 在巴尔干半岛的存在和传播表明它成功地适应了各种气候条件.
- 越来越多的内陆和高海拔地区的探测表明了动态的入侵和适应过程.
- 害虫感染新宿主植物的能力凸显了其高度入侵性和进一步扩张的潜力.
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