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昆虫减少 - - 对复杂现象潜在驱动因素的评估

Michael E Grevé¹, Michael Thomas Marx¹, Sascha Eilmus¹

¹Bayer AG, 40789 Monheim, Germany.

|January 8, 2025

概括

在全球范围内,昆虫种群正在减少. 这项在西德的研究确定了城市扩张和土地利用的转变,比如增加玉米种植,作为减少昆虫息地和生物质的关键驱动因素,超过33年.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
环境科学环境科学
农业科学农业科学

背景情况:

昆虫的减少是一个重要的全球环境问题.
鉴定昆虫减少的特定驱动因素是复杂的,因为多个相互作用的因素和有限的历史数据.
西德已经经历了明显的昆虫数量下降,需要集中研究.

研究的目的:

在33年的时间里,评估了西德地区昆虫减少的92个潜在驱动因素.
为了将观察到的昆虫减少与景观结构和农业实践的变化相关联.
确定导致该地区昆虫生物量减少的主要因素.

主要方法:

利用联邦统计局的数据和市场调查来追踪33年来的景观和农业变化.
分析了土地利用的变化,包括耕地,草原,城市化和森林覆盖面.
研究了特定农业实践和政策驱动的土地利用转变的影响.

主要成果:

观察到显著的景观变化:城市地区增加了25%,农田和草原减少,森林覆盖面增加.
确定城市扩张,加强草原管理,转向生物能源/料作物 (如玉米) 是主要的驱动因素.
尽管农药毒性降低了,但土地利用变化减少了息地的可用性和适合昆虫的适用性.

结论:

由市场需求和政策转变 (例如,可再生能源,乳制品强化) 驱动的土地利用变化是导致昆虫减少的主要原因.
城市化和改变的农业做法大大减少了昆虫息地的可用性和适用性.
该研究表明,景观和土地管理变化与西德昆虫生物量观察到的下降之间存在强烈的相关性.

关键词:

农业集约化农业集约化生物能源作物生物能源作物景观管理景观管理永久的草地是永久的草地.杀虫剂杀虫剂杀虫剂可再生能源可再生能源的能源.城市化的城市化.

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