增强人体免疫缺陷病毒特异性CD8+ T细胞反应与TIGIT阻塞 涉及托戈细胞形成
Nazanin Ghasemi1, Kayla A Holder1,2,3, Danielle P Ings1
1Immunology and Infectious Diseases Program, Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
概括
阻断TIGIT (具有Ig和ITIM域的T细胞免疫受体) 在一些艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 中增强了HIV特定的CD8+T细胞反应. 单细胞介导的输血细胞对这种TIGIT阻塞效应至关重要,这表明了新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒1型 (HIV-1) 感染会损害自然杀手 (NK) 和CD8+T细胞的功能.
- 像TIGIT (具有Ig和ITIM域的T细胞免疫受体) 等抑制受体的表达增加有助于这种免疫功能障碍.
- 基于单克隆抗体 (mAb) 的抑制受体阻塞为恢复抗病毒免疫力和帮助消除艾滋病毒提供了潜在的策略.
研究的目的:
- 研究TIGIT参与和阻断对艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) CD8+T细胞功能的影响,包括细胞毒性,降粒和干扰素- (IFN-γ) 生产.
- 探索TIGIT阻塞背后的机制,重点关注单细胞和抗体片段结晶 (Fc) 功能的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用重定向细胞毒性试验评估了TIGIT对非特异性抗CD3重定向细胞毒性的影响.
- 通过PLWH的流细胞计量对HIV特异性CD8+T细胞反应 (脱粒化,IFN-γ产生) 的量化TIGIT阻塞效应.
- 研究了单细胞介导的输血细胞在减少TIGIT阻塞后CD8+T细胞TIGIT表达中的作用.
主要成果:
- 在14/19个个体中,TIGIT的参与减少了非特异性细胞毒性.
- TIGIT阻塞导致23/40 PLWH中CD8+ T细胞TIGIT表达的减少,与单细胞上抗TIGIT mAb的增加有关.
- 在TIGIT阻塞后的6/23 PLWH中观察到增强的HIV特异性CD8+ T细胞降粒和IFN-γ产生,与单细胞巨细胞症相关.
结论:
- TIGIT阻塞可以在PLWH的一个子集中增强HIV特定的CD8+T细胞反应.
- 单细胞介导的输血细胞和完整的Fc功能对于有效的基于mAb的TIGIT阻塞是必要的.
- 这些发现表明一种潜在的治疗方法来改善HIV-1感染中的抗病毒免疫力.
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