老年人对BA.2.86和JN.1SARS-CoV-2变种的T细胞反应
Irene Segato1, Dalila Mele2, Greta Forlani3
1PhD National Programme in One Health Approaches to Infectious Diseases and Life Science Research, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Vaccines
|January 8, 2025
概括
新的SARS-CoV-2变种如BA.2.86和JN.1在老年人中显示T细胞反应减少,即使在更新疫苗接种后也是如此. 这凸显了为脆弱人群制定变异特异性疫苗策略的必要性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种需要持续评估疫苗诱导的免疫保护.
- 有限的数据存在于对BA.2.86和JN.1变体的T细胞反应,特别是在老年人中.
研究的目的:
- 评估T细胞和IgG反应与SARS-CoV-2受体结合域 (RBD) 的祖先,BA.2.86,和JN.1变种.
- 为了比较接种疫苗的老年人和COVID-19无知的医疗保健工作者的免疫反应.
主要方法:
- 使用流细胞计 (AIM) 和ELISpot (IFN-γ) 评估T细胞和IgG对祖先,BA.2.86和JN.1 RBD的反应.
- 研究了两个组:接种疫苗的老年人与更新的增强剂和COVID-19的无知医疗保健工作者后增强剂.
主要成果:
- 与对照人群相比,老年人对JN.1的IgG较低,IFN-γ降低到BA.2.86.
- 在老年人中,CD4+ T细胞对BA.2.86和未暴露组中对JN.1的反应性降低.
- 在老年人中,XBB.1.5助推剂诱导了较低的CD4+T细胞对BA.2.86的反应.
结论:
- 在老年人中,更新的XBB.1.5疫苗引起了对BA.2.86的CD4+T细胞反应减弱.
- 对于COVID-19原始的个体,已识别出祖先和BA.2.86 RBD,对JN.1.的反应较低.
- 针对性疫苗策略对于新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种至关重要,特别是在老年人群中.
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