针对格拉姆阳性细菌感染的抗生素候选药物诱导多药性耐药性
Ana Martins1,2, Fanni Judák1,3, Zoltán Farkas1
1Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre Szeged, Szeged HU-6726, Hungary.
Science translational medicine
|January 8, 2025
概括
黄金葡萄球菌对新药候选物的抗生素耐药性很容易发展. 细菌中先前存在的遗传变异可能会加速耐药性,影响未来的抗生素开发和临床使用.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 药物发现 药物发现 药物发现
背景情况:
- 新的抗生素候选药物对于对抗格拉姆阳性细菌感染至关重要.
- 新型抗生素的长期有效性往往是不确定的,因为潜在的耐药性发展.
研究的目的:
- 调查黄金葡萄球菌对临床前抗生素候选者的抗生素耐药性的实验室演变.
- 评估新型候选药物和现有抗生素之间的交叉耐药性模式.
- 了解驱动抗性进化的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 实验室进化实验使用金黄色葡萄球菌和各种抗生素候选物进行.
- 对已知抗生素,如万科米辛和达普托米辛进行了交叉耐药性测试.
- 通过监管系统中的突变识别来分析分子机制.
- 使用无脊椎动物感染模型评估了耐药菌株的毒性.
主要成果:
- 在大多数候选菌种中,黄金葡萄球菌很容易产生抗生素耐药性,除了SCH79797.7.
- 在候选抗生素和当前临床抗生素之间观察到显著的交叉耐药性,包括万科米辛,达普托米辛和teixobactin.
- 监管系统中的突变被确定为抗性和交叉抗性的关键驱动因素.
- 耐泰克索巴克的菌株表现出多种药物耐药性,并保持病毒性.
- 发现假定耐药性突变存在于自然细菌群体中.
结论:
- 抗生素耐药性可以很容易地通过选择先前存在的遗传变异而出现和传播.
- 交叉耐药性对新抗生素和现有抗生素的临床实用性构成重大威胁.
- 早期预测耐药性进化对于成功开发抗生素至关重要.
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