如何应对被死鬼魂:合理化早期现代中国死自杀的预防方法
1Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Omega
|January 8, 2025
概括
中国文化认为,被死的鬼魂会导致反复的自杀. 这项研究揭示了早期现代企图揭开悬挂鬼魂的神秘性,旨在消除明朝和清朝时期通过医疗化的自杀的耻辱感.
科学领域:
- 文化人类学 文化人类学
- 医学史 医学史 的历史
- 宗教社会学是宗教社会学.
背景情况:
- 传统的中国信仰认为,在特定地点经常发生的自杀事件是"悬挂鬼魂"造成的 (Ch. 这是一个很好的例子.
- 这些灵魂被认为是由于未解决的不满而引发进一步的自杀,需要驱魔仪式.
- 这种现象反映了围绕自杀性刑的根深蒂固的社会恐惧.
研究的目的:
- 检查中国社会中"挂尸鬼"概念的历史演变.
- 调查早期现代企图去神秘自杀性刑和减轻公众的恐惧.
- 探索中国自杀医疗化和脱污名化的历史根源.
主要方法:
- 历史分析明朝 (1368-1644) 和清 (1644-1911) 时期的哲学,医学和法医文本.
- 检查与自杀和精神现象有关的文化信仰和做法.
- 追踪关于自杀的科学和医学观点的发展.
主要成果:
- 早期的现代中国知识分子,医生和法医从业者积极寻求自杀式刑的合理解释.
- 这些努力旨在打击迷信信仰,并减少与自杀相关的社会焦虑.
- 有证据表明,在明代和清代期间,对自杀的医疗化和脱污名化的举措正在进行中.
结论:
- "挂尸鬼"的概念是中国早期试图理解和管理自杀的焦点.
- 明朝和清朝时期的知识和医学话语在改变对自杀的看法方面发挥了至关重要的作用.
- 这一历史考察突出了长期努力去污名化自杀,并从医学角度来看它.
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