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在航空制造工人中长期,低水平,六价暴露的肺癌死亡率

Loren Lipworth¹, Julie M Panko², Bruce C Allen³

¹Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene

|January 8, 2025

概括

这项研究发现,暴露于六价 (CrVI) 的航空工人,特别是女性,肺癌风险较高. 然而,没有观察到剂量反应关系,这表明吸烟可能是CrVI癌症风险评估中的混因素.

科学领域:

职业健康职业健康职业健康
环境毒理学环境毒理学
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

六价 (CrVI) 是已知的肺癌原体,在高工业度和作为城市空气污染物的风险.
仅有有限的数据来量化来自低水平职业和环境CrVI暴露的癌症风险.
飞机制造业涉及对特定职位角色的显著CrVI暴露.

研究的目的:

使用工作暴露矩阵 (JEM) 重建飞机工人的个人CrVI暴露.
对3723名暴露于CrVI的飞机制造工人的队列中检查死亡率模式,包括癌症风险.
调查CrVI暴露水平和肺癌死亡率之间的潜在剂量反应关系,特别是在女性和低暴露范围内.

主要方法:

利用贝叶斯方法和工业卫生数据开发了一个JEM,用于估计从1960-1998年累积的CrVI暴露.
进行了一项回顾性队列死亡率研究,根据人口统计数据计算标准化死亡率 (SMR).
进行了内部剂量反应分析,以评估累积CrVI暴露与肺癌死亡率之间的关系.

主要成果:

对于总体癌症 (SMR 1.24),与吸烟相关的癌症 (SMR 1.31) 和肺癌 (SMR 1.39) 观察到显著增加的死亡率.
暴露于CrVI的女性显示肺癌SMR (2.61) 的较高.
在累积的CrVI暴露和肺癌死亡率之间没有发现显著的剂量反应关系,在队列中注意到更高的吸烟患病率,特别是在女性中.

结论:

在这个队列中,癌症风险增加似乎主要与吸烟有关,可能掩盖任何可观察到的CRVI特异性风险.
这项研究提供了关于CrVI暴露和癌症风险在低暴露范围和女性中的有价值的新数据.
研究结果表明,CrVI在肺癌风险中的作用可能与吸烟有关,因此需要进一步研究以进行准确的定量风险评估.

关键词:

贝叶斯的方法贝叶斯的方法六价的六价是一种工业卫生工业卫生肺癌是一种肺癌.这是一个追溯的回顾.吸烟是为了吸烟.

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