格里福拉 (Grifola frondosa) 多糖的结构特征及其对HFD食小鼠胰岛素耐药性的影响
Yin-Yi Ding1, Jinchi Lan1, Yuxin Wang1
1National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Food Engineering and Quality and Safety, Food (Edible Fungi) Processing Technology Research Center, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
NPJ science of food
|January 8, 2025
概括
来自Grifola frondosa (GFP) 的多糖有效地通过改善肠道微生物群和减少炎症和氧化应激来控制胰岛素抵抗. 这种提取物显示出对代谢健康管理的潜力.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 胰岛素抵抗,通常由高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 诱导,是一个日益严重的代谢问题.
- 肠道微生物群失调和炎症途径与HFD诱导的胰岛素抵抗有关.
- 氧化应激会加剧胰岛素耐药性,凸显了治疗干预的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Grifola frondosa多糖 (GFP) 在管理高血压疾病引起的胰岛素耐药性的潜力.
- 阐明GFP对肠道微生物群,炎症和氧化应激的影响的机制.
主要方法:
- 从Grifola frondosa中提取和分化多糖.
- 包括分子重量和糖化键组成在内的GFP分数 (GFP-N1,GFP-N2) 的表征.
- 在体内评估GFP对HFD诱导的胰岛素耐药性标记物的影响.
- 对肠道微生物群组成和短链脂肪酸生产的分析.
- 评估炎症 (LPS/TLR4) 和氧化应激 (Nrf2/ARE) 途径.
主要成果:
- GFP显著改善了HFD诱导的胰岛素抵抗.
- GFP调节了肠道微生物群,增加了短链脂肪酸的产生,并降低了LPS/TLR4炎症途径的调节.
- 通过对Nrf2/ARE信号通路进行上调,GFP减少了HFD诱导的氧化应激.
- 特征分数GFP-N1和GFP-N2表现出不同的分子重量和糖化键组成.
结论:
- 格里福拉果多糖 (GFP) 在治疗胰岛素抵抗方面表现出显著的潜力.
- GFP的治疗作用通过调节肠道微生物群,减少炎症和减轻氧化应激来调节.
- GFP可以被认为是一个有前途的天然成分,用于开发应对胰岛素抵抗的策略.
相关概念视频
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
1.1K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
1.1K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
165
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
165
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
166
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
166
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.1K
Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
714
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
714
Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation
354
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
354


