一个内核分裂的微RNA调解了Solanaceae中低酸盐根编码的mRNA的分裂
Zahara Medina-Calzada1, Runchun Jing1, Simon Moxon1
1School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
Planta
|January 8, 2025
概括
一种新发现的植物microRNA具有一个对其生物生成至关重要的内核,并且在Solanaceae植物中保存. 这种microRNA准了一种关键基因,该基因参与根部对低酸盐条件的反应.
科学领域:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物化学 生化学
背景情况:
- 植物微RNA (miRNA) 是基因表达的重要调节者,已确定数百种.
- 了解miRNA生物发生,功能和调节是一个正在进行的研究领域.
- 具有独特特征的非传统miRNAs仍然需要被发现和表征.
研究的目的:
- 识别和表征一种具有非正规前体结构的新型植物微RNA.
- 为了研究这种新发现的微RNA的保存和生物发生.
- 确定这个microRNA的目标基因和功能,特别是在对环境压力的反应中.
主要方法:
- 对序列数据库的生物信息分析,以预测新的miRNA候选者.
- 使用分子生物学技术对miRNA前体结构和处理进行实验验证.
- 在不同植物物种 (Solanum lycopersicum,Nicotiana benthamiana,Petunia axillaris,Ipomoea nil) 的表达分析和与Arabidopsis thaliana的比较.
- 功能性测试,以评估内子在miRNA生物发生中的作用.
- 使用降解组测序或类似方法进行目标预测和验证.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出了一种具有内部分裂茎环结构的新型microRNA,此前只在单种植物中见到.
- 这种微RNA在Solanaceae物种中保存,但在Arabidopsis thaliana中不存在.
- 在pri-miRNA中的内子积极影响成熟miRNA的积累,但必须被移除以实现高效的生产.
- 微RNA的目标是低酸盐根蛋白的mRNA,该蛋白在酸盐饥饿下参与根生长调节.
结论:
- 在Solanaceae中发现并表征了一种具有独特生物发生路径的新型,含子的microRNA.
- 内子在miRNA生物发生过程中起着双重作用,影响积累和处理.
- 这种微RNA保留在农业重要植物中,并向参与酸盐饥饿反应的基因.
- 这些发现扩大了对植物miRNA多样性和调节机制的理解.
相关概念视频
01:22MicroRNAs
21.2K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
21.2K
01:23RNA Interference
25.9K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
25.9K
01:32RNA Splicing
56.0K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
56.0K
02:15Experimental RNAi
6.0K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.0K
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.6K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.6K
01:56Riboswitches
8.0K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.0K