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墨西哥土著人民的COVID-19死亡率中的社会不平等

Oswaldo Medina-Gómez¹, Jordi Josué Medina-Villegas²

¹Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, HGR 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Gabriel Mancera 222, Del Valle, Benito Juárez. 03100 Ciudad de México México. epired@gmail.com.

Ciencia & saude coletiva

|January 8, 2025

概括

墨西哥土著人口 (9.8%) 的COVID-19死亡率高于非土著人口 (4.6%),尽管潜在的健康状况较少. 收入和教育机会等社会脆弱性导致COVID-19死亡率上升.

科学领域:

流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生
健康差异在健康上的差异

背景情况:

在全球范围内,COVID-19大流行不成比例地影响了弱势群体.
原住民社区经常面临独特的社会和经济挑战,影响健康结果.
了解特定种族群体内的COVID-19死亡率对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

估计2020年至2022年墨西哥土著人口中COVID-19死亡率.
分析临床特征和社会条件对这一人口中的COVID-19死亡率的影响.
为了比较墨西哥土著和非土著人口之间的COVID-19死亡率和相关因素.

主要方法:

数据来源于墨西哥呼吸系统疾病流行病监测系统.
在土著人口中确定了COVID-19病例和结果.
根据临床因素和社会贫困指标评估了死亡率,比较了土著和非土著群体.

主要成果:

在COVID-19总病例中,土著人占0.7%.
与非土著人口 (4.6%) 相比,土著人口的病例死亡率明显高 (9.8%).
虽然男性死亡率较高,但土著人与非土著人相比,与常见的并发病 (糖尿病,高血压,慢性病,肥胖,吸烟) 的关联较低. 在土著人口中注意到更大的社会脆弱性 (收入,教育,医疗保健准入).

结论:

墨西哥的土著人口经历了不成比例地高的COVID-19死亡率.
健康的社会决定因素,包括收入,教育和获得医疗保健,在土著社区的COVID-19结果中发挥着关键作用.
公共卫生战略必须解决潜在的社会脆弱性,以减轻土著人口感染性疾病死亡率.

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