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尿两新弥合了胰腺进化过程中缺失的环节
Ryosuke Morozumi1,2, Kazuko Okamoto1,2, Eriko Enomoto1,2
1Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
概括
新的胰腺,类似于哺乳动物,含有外分泌和内分泌组织. 它的发育依赖于胰腺和双腺本体盒 (Pdx) 1 基因,提供了进化见解.
科学领域:
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学.
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
背景情况:
- 脊椎动物的胰腺结构和功能有很大的不同.
- 从鱼类到两动物的胰腺进化涉及内分泌和外分泌细胞的整合.
- 乌罗代尔两动物,像新一样,是胰腺发育的研究不足的模型.
研究的目的:
- 使用Pleurodeles waltl. 调查尿道和胰腺发育.
- 描述三胰腺发育的形态和关键遗传因素.
- 阐明新胰腺发育的进化意义.
主要方法:
- 对新的胰腺进行了比较形态分析.
- 在Pleurodeles waltl中针对Pdx1和Pdx2的基因破坏实验.
- 胰腺组织的组织学检查.
主要成果:
- 新的胰腺包括一个单独的器官,包括外分泌 () 和内分泌 (小岛) 组织.
- 在新的肠道上发现了独特的胰腺样组织.
- 破坏Pdx1基因导致新胰腺发育不良,而破坏Pdx2没有显著的影响.
结论:
- 新的胰腺表现出类似哺乳动物的形态,强调了它的中间进化位置.
- Pdx1对于新的胰腺发育至关重要,这表明它在脊椎动物的胰腺进化中起着保留的作用.
- 研究新的胰腺对于了解脊椎动物胰腺功能的进化轨迹至关重要.
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