自闭症的人口相关:诊断和定量特征测量之间的关联是如何比较的?
Kristen Lyall1, Aisha S Dickerson2, Annette M Green3
1AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
概括
在黑人儿童中,自闭症诊断率较低,尽管与自闭症相关的特征相似. 这表明诊断识别的差异,特别是黑人女孩,突出了对这些差异的进一步研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,自闭症诊断的患病率因人口因素而异.
- 了解这些差异对于公平的医疗保健至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,种族和族群之间自闭症识别的潜在差异.
研究的目的:
- 检查与父母报告的自闭症诊断和自闭症相关特征相关的人口因素.
- 为了比较家长报告的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的临床诊断与社会响应度量 (SRS) 的得分.
- 研究不同人口群体在自闭症诊断和特征识别方面的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了8224名参与环境影响儿童健康结果 (ECHO) 计划的参与者的数据.
- 采用了一般化的线性混合效应回归分析.
- 使用社会响应度表 (SRS;T分数>65) 评估与自闭症相关的特征,并与家长报告的自闭症诊断进行比较.
主要成果:
- 与非西班牙裔白人儿童相比,非西班牙裔黑人儿童患自闭症的几率较低,但SRS得分升高的几率相似.
- 较高的母亲教育与ASD诊断的几率降低和SRS得分升高有关.
- 黑人女孩患自闭症的可能性较低,但SRS得分升高的可能性更高.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,非西班牙裔黑人儿童对自闭症的诊断识别存在差异.
- 相似程度的临床上较高的自闭症相关特征 (SRS>65) 表明潜在的低诊断.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决和纠正自闭症的诊断差异.
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