交叉对玉米和小麦种群遗传变异的贡献

Rex Bernardo1

  • 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA.

The plant genome
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
概括

跨越,一个关键的遗传过程,往往减少了玉米和小麦育种的整体遗传变异 (VG). 然而,罕见的有利交叉仍然可以产生优秀的线条,这对未来的育种进步至关重要.

相关概念视频

Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
4.1K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
9.7K
Dihybrid Crosses01:18

Dihybrid Crosses

Overview
73.8K
Chi-square Analysis02:46

Chi-square Analysis

The chi-square test is a statistical hypothesis test. It is used to check whether there is a significant difference between an expected value and an observed value. In the context of genetics, it enables us to either accept or reject a hypothesis, based on how much the observed values deviate from the expected values.
The chi-square test was developed by Pearson in 1990.
The first step of performing a Chi-square analysis is to establish a null hypothesis, which assumes that there is no real...
37.3K
Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

Overview
228.9K
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
18.8K