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在CAR-T细胞治疗后急性损伤:科医生的观点
Mehmet Kanbay1, Berk Mizrak2, Ezgi N Alper2
1Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Clinical kidney journal
|January 9, 2025
概括
化学抗原受体T (CAR-T) 细胞疗法可以在5-33%的患者中引起急性损伤 (AKI). 本综述探讨了与CAR-T相关的AKI病理生理学,风险因素和干预措施.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學.
背景情况:
- 化学抗原受体T (CAR-T) 细胞疗法是一种针对血液恶性瘤和自身免疫性疾病的个性化免疫疗法.
- 虽然有效,但CAR-T疗法与诸如细胞因子释放综合征和神经毒性等不良影响有关.
- 急性损伤 (AKI) 是CAR-T治疗后较少被认可但显著的不良事件,发生率在5%至33%之间.
研究的目的:
- 在CAR-T细胞治疗后对急性损伤 (AKI) 进行全面的叙事审查.
- 阐明潜在的病理生理学,确定风险因素,并讨论与CAR-T相关的AKI的潜在干预措施.
- 突出未来的研究方向,以管理和预防接受CAR-T治疗的患者的AKI.
主要方法:
- 这项研究是对CAR-T细胞疗法和相关不良事件的现有文献进行叙述性审查.
- 该评论综合了关于AKI后CAR-T治疗的发病率,病理生理学和风险因素的信息.
- 它还讨论了拟议的机制,临床观察和潜在的治疗策略.
主要成果:
- 与CAR-T相关的AKI的确切病理生理学尚未完全理解,但涉及诸如细胞因子释放综合征,瘤溶解综合征,直接毒性,调节方案和感染等机制.
- 与CAR-T相关的AKI的确定的风险因素包括较低的基线淋巴球过率,使用Allopurinol或Rasburicase,对比剂暴露,乳酸脱酶升高和严重的细胞因子释放综合征.
- AKI的发病率差异很大,可能是由于患者的特征,并发病症和特定的CAR-T治疗方案.
结论:
- 急性损伤是CAR-T细胞治疗的显著并发症,需要进一步调查.
- 了解病理生理学和风险因素对于制定有效的预防和治疗策略至关重要.
- 需要使用更大的队列进行前性研究,以推进与CAR-T相关的AKI的管理.
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