西班牙肺炎球菌病的医院负担 (2016-2022):一项回顾性研究
Ruth Gil-Prieto1, Valentín Hernandez-Barrera1, Patricia Marín-García2
1Medical Specialities and Public Health Department, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
|January 9, 2025
概括
肺炎球菌病导致大量住院和死亡,特别是在老年人和患有并发病的人群中. 针对这些高风险群体的疫苗接种战略对于降低疾病负担和医疗保健成本至关重要.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肺炎球菌病是全球重大健康挑战,对发病率和死亡率作出重大贡献.
- 住院率和病例死亡率强调了不同年龄组肺炎球菌感染的严重程度.
研究的目的:
- 分析肺炎球菌病入院的流行病学,临床结果和经济影响.
- 确定高风险人群并评估增强疫苗接种策略的潜力.
主要方法:
- 从2016年到2022年,对肺炎球菌病入院患者的回顾性分析.
- 医院住院率,病例死亡率和相关医疗保健成本的计算.
- 统计分析以确定风险因素,包括年龄和并发症.
主要成果:
- 超过358,000例住院病例被记录在案,年率为每10万人中108.9例,随着年龄的增长而急剧增加.
- 病例死亡率总体为14.4%,败血症 (19.8%) 和脑膜炎 (10.6%) 的比率更高,并显著增加了伴随疾病患者的风险 (OR=5.7).
- 每年的医疗保健费用超过了3.83亿欧元,突出显示了经济负担的巨大程度.
结论:
- 肺炎球菌病造成了重大和昂贵的负担,不成比例地影响老年人和患有潜在健康状况的个人.
- 实施先进的疫苗接种方案,包括广泛的肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV),对于老年人群和并发症患者群体至关重要.
- 有针对性的疫苗接种可以缓解与肺炎球菌感染相关的高住院率和死亡率,从而减少医疗保健系统的整体负担.
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