儿童的执行功能和健康行为跨越儿科生命阶段和生态环境
Nichole R Kelly1, Derek Kosty2, Yosef Bodovski3
1Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA. nicholek@uoregon.edu.
执行功能 (EF) 影响儿童的健康行为. 工作记忆和认知灵活性与儿童阶段的饮食和体育活动有关,这表明需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 儿童健康 儿童健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 与儿童的慢性疾病风险有关.
- 假设健康行为能够调解这种联系.
- 了解EF在儿科健康行为中的作用对于预防至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查与各种健康行为相关的特定EF领域 (认知灵活性,行为抑制,工作记忆).
- 调查这些关联跨越三个儿科生命阶段:幼儿,中幼和青春期.
- 探索社会经济和环境因素的潜在调节作用.
主要方法:
- 对6720名来自环境影响儿童健康结果 (ECHO) 计划的儿童进行了横截面研究.
- 神经认知任务评估了EF领域.
- 父母和/或儿童报告措施收集了关于饮食,体育活动,睡眠,收入和育儿的数据.
- 邻里犯罪和绿色空间数据是从人口普查片中获取的.
主要成果:
- 工作记忆与所有儿科阶段的饮食行为有关.
- 工作记忆和认知灵活性与儿童和青少年中期的身体活动相关.
- 青春期的行为抑制与增加的体力活动和减少含糖饮料摄入量有关.
- 没有发现与睡眠时间或睡眠质量有显著的关联.
- 所有显著的关联都显示出小效应大小.
结论:
- 特定的执行功能领域与儿童和青少年的关键健康行为有关.
- 调查结果强调了在设计以环境环境为重点的干预措施时考虑发展阶段的重要性.
- 小规模的影响突显出需要多方面的干预策略来促进更健康的行为.
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