关于中风护理和长期结果的种族差异趋势
Eva S Emmett1,2, Matthew D L O'Connell1, Ruonan Pei1
1School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
JAMA network open
|January 9, 2025
概括
少数民族经历了严重的中风护理差异. 黑人非洲和黑人加勒比地区的个体尽管生存率更高,但表现较差的功能结果,这凸显了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 神经学 神经学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 脑卒中是一个主要的公共卫生问题,少数民族人口的发病率更高.
- 关于中风护理和结果的种族不平等现有研究是矛盾的,并且往往是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 调查中风治疗和中风后长达5年的结果中的种族差异.
- 描述时间趋势,并确定种族中风差异的贡献因素.
主要方法:
- 在伦敦,英国,以人口为基础的队列研究,有望长达5年的随访.
- 包括1995年至2021年间发生中风的成年参与者.
- 对自我报告的种族 (非洲黑人,加勒比黑人,白人,其他) 和临床结果的分析.
主要成果:
- 黑人非洲和黑人加勒比地区的参与者最初的中风单位入院率较高,但随着时间的推移,这种情况正常化.
- 黑色加勒比地区的个体表现出持续较低的血栓溶解率和较晚的入院.
- 尽管存活率更高,但黑人非洲和黑人加勒比地区的参与者在中风后的5年内经历了较差的功能结果.
结论:
- 在中风护理和结果方面存在显著和持久的种族不平等,这些不完全由已知的因素解释.
- 建议在年轻时对黑人非洲人进行心血管健康检查.
- 有必要开展有针对性的健康活动,以解决黑人加勒比地区患者迟到入院和低血栓溶解率的问题.
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