什么时候配对:不同配对年龄对乳牛健康,行为和表现的影响
M S Moroz1, C C Martin2, J H C Costa3
1EthoLab - Applied Ethology and Animal Welfare Laboratory, Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 80215-901.
Journal of dairy science
|January 9, 2025
概括
早期 (6-7天) 配对奶牛小牛促进了更好的养行为和生长,导致更积极的行为而不损害健康. 这种早期配对策略可以提高小牛的发育和福祉.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 配对住房是个别或团体小牛住房的替代方案.
- 不同的小牛配对年龄对福利的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期,中期和晚期配对年龄对乳牛的表现,健康和行为的影响.
- 为了确定乳牛福利的最佳配对策略.
主要方法:
- 140只霍尔斯坦小牛在三个年龄段被配对:早期 (6-7d),中期 (29-30d) 和晚期 (49-50d).
- 评估了表现 (体重,ADG),健康 (腹,BRD,肺部得分) 和行为 (探索,游戏,刻板印象,新恐惧症).
- 在交配之前,小牛被单独安置,并在大约78天后断奶.
主要成果:
- 不过,在配对年龄之间,在腹,牛呼吸系统疾病 (BRD) 或肺结合患病率方面没有发现显著差异.
- 早期配对的小牛表现出更多的探索,游戏和减少惰,刻板印象和非营养性口腔行为.
- 早期配对导致减少食物恐惧症,更高的初始摄入量和更高的平均每日增益 (ADG) 长达50天,与更均的断奶体重.
结论:
- 早期配对 (6-7天) 支持初始奶牛小牛的发育,增强养行为和生长.
- 早期配对促进与积极的情感状态相关的行为,而不会对健康产生负面影响.
- 配对年龄显著影响小牛的行为和早期发育,这表明对早期管理有好处.
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