训练分布,持续时间和体积对训练有素骑自行车者的VO2max和表现的影响:系统性审查,多层次元分析和多变量元回归
Ben Cove1, Samuel Chalmers1, Maximillian J Nelson1
1Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Australia.
Journal of science and medicine in sport
|January 9, 2025
概括
极化和非极化训练对骑自行车的VO2max和计时表现产生了类似的改善. 专注于有效的培训分布在总体体积上,以获得最佳的结果.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 骑自行车表现 骑自行车表现
背景情况:
- 训练强度的分布对于运动员的生理适应至关重要.
- 两极分化的训练,强调低强度的运动与短,高强度的爆发,是一个流行的模式.
- 两极化与非两极化训练对骑自行车者的比较有效性仍然是一个关键的研究问题.
研究的目的:
- 系统地研究和比较骑自行车者的极化和非极化训练之间的生理和性能适应.
- 为了确定一个训练模式是否为VO2max和时间试验表现提供了优越的好处.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的审查和对涉及训练有素骑自行车者的研究进行元分析.
- 纳入标准:休训练的骑自行车者 (VO2max ≥59毫升/公斤/分钟) 和干预>4周.
- 多级随机效应元分析和元回归以评估训练量和绩效结果.
主要成果:
- 分析了41项研究 (797名参与者),显示所有训练组的VO2max和时间试验表现有显著改善.
- 在两极化和非两极化培训模式之间,没有发现适应能力的显著差异.
- 较长的干预持续时间对VO2max和时间试验表现产生了积极的影响,但总或每周的训练量与改善没有显著关联.
结论:
- 两种两极化和非两极化训练方法都导致训练有素的骑自行车者的VO2max和时间试验表现得到了相似的改善.
- 达到足够的培训量很重要,但超过它并不一定会带来更大的绩效增长.
- 运动员和教练应优先考虑最佳的训练分配和强度管理,而不是仅仅专注于最大化训练量或严格遵守特定的训练模式.
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