关于埃塞俄比亚生物危害清除的审查:现有处理系统的有效性和挑战
Chalachew Yenew1, Muluken Azage Yenesew2, Argaw Ambelu3
1College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Environmental health insights
|January 10, 2025
概括
埃塞俄比亚的废水处理面临挑战,氧化池显示抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 的去除率很低. 建议升级到有效,负担得起的技术,以保护公众健康和环境.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 水处理技术水处理技术
背景情况:
- 通过消除生物危害,废水处理对公共卫生和环境保护至关重要.
- 埃塞俄比亚在评估处理设施中生物危害清除效率方面面临研究缺口.
- 本次审查涉及当前生物危害清除方法的有效性及其相关挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估埃塞俄比亚现有的废水处理方法在消除生物危害方面的有效性.
- 确定阻碍有效消除生物危害的关键挑战.
- 为改善废水管理提供建议.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA指南进行了范围审查.
- 对多个数据库 (NLM,Science Direct,HINARI,Scopus) 进行了系统的搜索.
- 独立的审稿人选并分析了来自选定的研究的数据.
主要成果:
- 分析了11篇文章,评估了各种治疗方法.
- 活性污泥工艺显示了抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 和总大肠杆菌的高去除率 (85-95%).
- 埃塞俄比亚常见的氧化池显示出最低的抗抗菌药物清除效率 (30-50%).
结论:
- 有效的废水处理对公共卫生至关重要,特别是在减轻像AMR这样的生物危害风险方面.
- 挑战包括基础设施不足,运营成本高,监管执法不力.
- 建议侧重于采用具有成本效益的技术,加强法规和投资可持续基础设施.
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