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作为言论公民的COVID科学家:关于科学政策的说服性意见文章和公共辩论
Collin Syfert1, Leah Ceccarelli2
1Fitchburg State University, USA.
Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)
|January 10, 2025
概括
在社论中传达COVID-19政策的科学家往往无法说服反对的受众. 该研究表明,科学家需要更好的修辞策略,以便在危机期间有效地参与各种公共团体.
科学领域:
- 沟通研究 沟通研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 修辞分析 修辞分析
背景情况:
- 专家在危机期间面临公众沟通的挑战,特别是在解决诸如COVID-19限制和疫苗等有争议的政策时.
- 有效的说服需要理解和调整论点以适应不同的受众,特别是那些有相反观点的人.
研究的目的:
- 为专家,特别是科学家确定有说服力的沟通策略,与公众就关键的卫生政策进行接触.
- 分析关于COVID-19政策的科学话语中使用的修辞方法,并评估它们在说服反对派观众方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在美国有关COVID-19政策的报纸社论上采用了文本/对文本修辞分析方法.
- 对反对派观众提出关于大流行限制和疫苗政策的论点的社论被选为密切阅读.
- 分析的重点是呼吁志同道合的读者,而不是反对的读者,并检查了党派报纸中的示范策略.
主要成果:
- 中心派报纸的社论往往主要吸引志同道合的读者,缺乏旨在改变反对意见的论点.
- 观察到缺乏修辞敏感度,这表明科学家需要改善他们使用语言和论证以实现更广泛的公众参与.
- 党派报纸中的榜样性社论展示了在两极分化的环境中说服反对派观众的更有前途的策略.
结论:
- 在公共卫生危机中沟通的科学家需要提高修辞技巧,以有效地说服不仅仅是他们现有的支持者之外的受众.
- 针对反对派观点制定适合反对派观点的论点对于科学家来说至关重要,他们的目标是影响公众对关键政策的看法.
- 了解党派的媒体格局可以为科学传播提供更有效的公众说服策略.
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