公元1831年的神秘喷发被确定为萨瓦里茨基火山口,西穆希尔岛 (库里尔岛)
William Hutchison1, Patrick Sugden1, Andrea Burke1
1School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TS, United Kingdom.
概括
西元1831年火山爆发,使北半球冷却,是由库里尔群岛的扎瓦里茨基火山口引起的,而不是费迪南德亚. 冰芯分析确定了Zavaritskii tephra,证实了其重要的平流层硫注入和气候影响.
科学领域:
- 火山学 火山学是一门学科.
- 古气候学 古气候学
- 同位素地球化学 同位素地球化学
背景情况:
- 西元 1831 年的一次重大火山爆发导致北半球冷却和大气光学现象.
- 喷发的源头仍然是未知的,有一个假设将其与费迪南德亚喷发和硫化蒸发联系起来.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定神秘的1831 CE火山爆发的来源.
- 用冰芯档案来分析1831年CE事件的地化学特征.
主要方法:
- 极地冰芯的高分辨率多代理地质化学分析.
- 硫同位素分析,以追踪喷发源.
- 密码甲层识别和地化学匹配.
- 放射性碳测年法和喷发体积估计.
主要成果:
- 冰芯硫同位素证实了北半球主要的平流层喷发,但排除了显著的蒸发硫贡献.
- 与扎瓦里茨基火山口普利尼恩喷发相匹配的密码层在公元1831年夏天的冰芯中被发现.
- 放射性碳年代测定表明最近的Zavaritskii喷发 (<300年前),与5-6级事件一致.
- 扎瓦里茨基重建的辐射强迫 (-2 ± 1 W m-2) 解释了公元 1831-1833 年的气候降温.
结论:
- 西穆希尔岛 (库里尔岛) 的扎瓦里茨基火山被确定为1831年CE神秘喷发的来源.
- 该研究解决了多次火山爆发的混案例,将气候影响归因于Zavaritskii.
- 这些发现强调了远程火山爆发在推动重大气候扰乱方面的重要性.
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