不平等地采用ChatGPT加剧了现有的工人不平等现象
Anders Humlum1, Emilie Vestergaard2
1Microeconomics Unit, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, 60637.
概括
通过ChatGPT采用生成人工智能很普遍,特别是在年轻工人中. 然而,与雇主施加的限制一起,在使用和益处方面出现了严重的性别和基于经验的不平等现象.
科学领域:
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 技术采用 技术采用
- 劳动社会学工作的社会学.
背景情况:
- 以ChatGPT为例的生成人工智能,代表了重要的技术进步.
- 了解这些工具的实际采用模式和社会经济影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在大批丹麦工人中调查ChatGPT的采用率.
- 在生成性AI工具使用中识别人口和职业差异.
- 探索员工对ChatGPT的生产力潜力的看法以及采用它的障碍.
主要方法:
- 在丹麦11个职业中对18000名工人进行了大规模调查.
- 将调查数据与全面的注册数据联系起来,以进行增强的分析.
- 统计分析以确定影响ChatGPT采用的因素及其与工人特征的相关性.
主要成果:
- 聊天GPT的采用广泛,年轻和经验较少的工人使用率更高.
- 观察到显著的性别差异:女性在工作中使用ChatGPT的可能性低16个百分点.
- 对于ChatGPT用户而言,已经存在的工资优势表明可能会加剧不平等现象,这与技能等级等级的预期相反.
- 工人认为高生产力潜力,但面临雇主限制和培训需求作为障碍.
结论:
- 像ChatGPT这样的生成人工智能工具的采用不是统一的,揭示了显著的社会经济不平等.
- 解决性别差距和提供适当的培训对于公平地将人工智能纳入工作场所至关重要.
- 雇主政策在塑造新人工智能技术的影响和可访问性方面发挥着关键作用.
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