针对艾滋病毒相关耻辱的社区干预:撒哈拉以南非洲地区证据的系统审查
Emmanuel Kimera1, Linda Grace Alanyo2, Irumba Pauline2
1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mountains of the Moon University, Fort Portal, Uganda. kimeraemma@yahoo.co.uk.
Systematic reviews
|January 10, 2025
概括
基于社区的干预措施在减少与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感方面表现出有效性,这是消除艾滋病的主要障碍. 需要进一步的研究来加强证据,并确保社区参与可持续影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱是实现联合国艾滋病规划署2030年结束艾滋病的目标的一个重大障碍.
- 由于艾滋病毒污名的社会性质,基于社区的干预措施被假设更有效.
- 本综述综合了针对撒哈拉以南非洲地区艾滋病毒污名化的社区干预措施的证据.
研究的目的:
- 审查以社区为基础的干预措施在减少与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感方面的有效性.
- 确定这些干预措施在撒哈拉以南非洲的关键特征和战略.
主要方法:
- 在2023年7月进行了对多个数据库 (MEDLINE,EMBASE,CINAHL,Psych INFO,Web of Science,Google Scholar) 的全面搜索.
- 包括的研究包括随机对照试验,混合方法和测试前/测试后设计,评估减少艾滋病毒污名化的干预措施.
- 数据合成涉及将p值 (费舍尔方法) 和干预特征的框架主题分析结合起来.
主要成果:
- 包括9项研究,大多数具有高偏差风险,但综合结果强烈支持干预的有效性 (p < 0.001).
- 干预主要涉及艾滋病毒感染者 (PLH) 作为接收者和实施者;未知艾滋病毒状况的社区成员参与较少.
- 常见的策略包括信息共享和咨询,有些人提供额外的支持;成本各不相同,志愿者主导的干预成本较低.
结论:
- 基于社区的干预措施在缓解与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感方面表现出有效性.
- 需要更严格的随机试验来巩固这些发现.
- 在干预设计中缺乏涉及污名化个体和社区成员的综合战略,这可能会影响可持续性.
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