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整合基因组选择和全基因组关联研究以改善泰国乳牛荷尔斯坦牛的开放日:全面的遗传分析

Akhmad Fathoni^1,2, Wuttigrai Boonkum^1,3, Vibuntita Chankitisakul^1,3

¹Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

|January 11, 2025

概括

单步基因组最佳线性无偏预测 (ssGBLUP) 方法显著提高了泰国-霍尔斯坦杂交牛的开放日估计繁殖值的准确性. 这种基因组方法提高了乳牛繁殖计划中的生殖特征的遗传选择精度.

科学领域:

动物遗传学和动物繁殖
乳牛的繁殖乳牛的繁殖
基因组选择基因组选择

背景情况:

开放日 (DO) 是乳牛的重要生殖和经济特征,对遗传选择至关重要.
传统的DO遗传改进方法具有挑战性,需要先进的基因组方法.
泰国 - 荷尔斯坦杂交牛是研究生殖特征的独特种群,因为它们的品种组成各不相同.

研究的目的:

用BLUP (AIREML) 与单步基因组AIREML (ssGAIREML) 进行传统的平均亲生繁殖和关系估计的准确性比较,以估计几天的遗传参数和繁殖值.
使用全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 识别与开放日相关的单核酸多态 (SNP) 区域和候选基因.
评估ssGAIREML在泰国乳牛繁殖计划中提高遗传选择准确性的潜力.

主要方法:

使用AIREML和ssGAIREML估计开放日的遗传参数和变异组件.
分析了来自36368只泰国-荷尔斯坦杂交牛的59415个DO记录的数据集,其中包括882只基因型动物.
进行全基因组关联研究 (GWAS),以确定影响开放日的SNP区域和候选基因.

主要成果:

与传统的AIREML相比,ssGAIREML方法在估计开放日的繁殖值方面显示出更高的准确性,改进率在40.5%至45.6%之间.
开放日的遗传概率估计为传统AIREML的0.02和ssGAIREML的0.03,表明基因影响较低但存在添加性.
通过GWAS确定了12个候选基因 (例如DYRK1A,CALCR,MIR489),这些基因可能会影响受研究人群的开放日.

结论:

在 ssGAIREML 方法提供了比传统的 AIREML 显著的进步,以提高生殖特征的准确性和遗传性估计,如开放日.
建议在泰国的乳牛育种计划中过渡到ssGAIREML,以提高生殖性能的遗传选择效率.
已识别的候选基因为未来的标记器辅助选择策略提供了有价值的目标,以加速减少开放日的遗传收益.

关键词:

泰国荷尔斯坦交叉品种的杂交.开放日开放日开放日基因组选择基因组选择这就是为什么SSGAIREML

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