胎儿环境和高血压的发展 - - 葡萄糖皮质类药物的表观遗传修饰
Fumiko-Kawakami Mori1, Tatsuo Shimosawa2
1Department of Endocrinology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo 101-8643, Japan.
International journal of molecular sciences
|January 11, 2025
概括
宫内生长限制 (IUGR) 可以通过大脑的表观遗传变化导致成人高血压. 针对这些大脑表观遗传变化可能为预防和治疗高血压提供一种新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 宫内生长限制 (IUGR) 与产后心血管,代谢和精神问题有关.
- 在IUGR中的胎盘功能障碍降低了11β-基类固醇脱酶2 (11βHSD2) 的活性,导致胎儿葡萄糖皮质体 (GC) 过度暴露.
- 胎儿GC过度暴露可能导致持久的表观遗传变化,影响发育,新陈代谢和神经活动.
研究的目的:
- 调查大脑表观遗传修饰的作用,特别是对腹腔核 (PVN) 中的DNA低甲基化,在IUGR后高血压的发展中.
- 探索针对这些表观遗传变化的治疗干预的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用了已建立的IUGR大鼠模型.
- 在PVN中检查了表观遗传变化,包括DNA甲基化.
- 评估了交感神经系统和氨酸-血管新生素系统 (RAS) 的激活.
- 评估了对盐敏感高血压的发展.
主要成果:
- 在PVN中,IUGR诱导了DNA低甲基化.
- 这种低甲基化与增加的同情活动和RAS激活有关.
- 这些变化导致了成年人患盐敏感高血压的发展.
- 在其他高血压大鼠模型中观察到PVN中类似的DNA低甲基化模式.
结论:
- 大脑中的表观遗传变化,特别是PVN中的DNA低甲基化,在源自IUGR的高血压病变中起着重要作用.
- 调节这些表观遗传变化为预防或治疗高血压提供了潜在的治疗途径.
相关概念视频
Hormonal Regulation
32.9K
The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
32.9K
Teratogenicity
2.3K
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
2.3K
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
1.9K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
1.9K
Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure
2.4K
Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
2.4K
Epigenetic Regulation
3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.0K
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands
2.2K
Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
2.2K


