影响母乳成分和婴儿健康的孕产妇生活方式因素:系统性审查
Giuliana Favara1, Andrea Maugeri1, Martina Barchitta1
1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Nutrients
|January 11, 2025
概括
母亲的饮食和生活方式显著影响母乳成分,影响婴儿的生长,神经发育和健康. 优化营养和促进健康习惯对于提高母乳养的益处和公共卫生结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 母乳的成分受到母亲的因素的影响,如饮食,生活方式和环境.
- 这些因素塑造了母乳的营养特征,影响了婴儿的健康状况.
- 了解这些关联是优化母乳养益处的关键.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合有关母亲的生活方式,母乳成分和婴儿健康之间的联系的证据.
- 确定影响母乳养的关键母亲生活方式因素.
- 为旨在改善母乳养结果的干预提供见解.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (Web of Science,Medline,Embase,PubMed) 进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 根据预定义的搜索术语,包括到2024年3月发表的研究.
- 20项研究符合审查的纳入标准.
主要成果:
- 母体体重指数和宏观营养素摄入量改变了母乳脂肪酸,影响了婴儿的生长和代谢健康.
- 母乳中的特定微量营养素 (,欧米茄-3脂肪酸,维生素) 与改善神经发育和减少相关.
- 孕产妇的饮食和补充剂对牛奶的营养成分和婴儿的结果产生了积极的影响,而吸烟和诸如阿拉托辛A之类的毒素则显示出了负面的关联.
结论:
- 适当的母体营养摄入对于婴儿最佳发育至关重要.
- 政策应该解决营养不足,促进健康的孕产妇生活方式,并减少社会经济障碍.
- 通过优化母乳养来改善母亲和婴儿的健康需要采取多方面的方法.
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