巴基斯坦农村和城市人口中的人类百菌病:血清流行,危险因素和临床表现
Faisal Abbas1, Shahzad Ali2, Ali Muhammad3
1Wildlife Epidemiology and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory (One Health Research Group), Discipline of Zoology, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Ravi Campus, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Current microbiology
|January 11, 2025
概括
人类百菌病在巴基斯坦普遍存在,与与感染的动物接触和生牛奶消费有关. 公共卫生意识和控制计划对于管理这种动物传播疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 病原菌是一种由Brucella spp.引起的重大动物性疾病,对健康和经济构成挑战,特别是在发展中国家.
- 了解人类血病的流行病学对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定在巴基斯坦的穆尔坦和穆扎法尔加尔的人类血清病的流行率.
- 在一般人群中识别与牛病相关的危险因素和临床症状.
- 为公共卫生干预和控制计划提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及来自巴基斯坦穆尔坦和穆扎法加尔的307名参与者的横截面研究.
- 血液样本使用孟加拉板状测试 (RBPT) 选了抗布鲁塞拉抗体.
- 通过基因特异性的布鲁塞拉逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 证实了阳性样本,并对风险因素进行了统计分析 (基平方测试).
主要成果:
- 人类血清病的总体流行率为6.8% (穆尔坦8.9%,穆扎法尔加尔4.3%).
- 确定的重大风险因素是与堕胎动物接触 (p=0.032) 和食用生牛奶 (p=0.031).
- 没有发现与年龄,性别,职业或地理位置 (p>0.05) 有意义的关联.
结论:
- 人类血病是巴基斯坦研究地区的流行问题.
- 与受感染动物的直接接触和食用未经巴氏消毒的乳制品是传播的关键途径.
- 建议针对高风险职业开展有针对性的宣传活动,并建议卫生当局采取强有力的控制措施.
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