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相关概念视频

Overview of the Axial Skeleton01:09

Overview of the Axial Skeleton

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The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
The axial skeleton of the...
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Articulations of the Vertebral Column01:28

Articulations of the Vertebral Column

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In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the superior and inferior articular processes called zygapophysial joints (facet joints). These are plane joints that provide for only limited motions between the vertebrae. The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column and serves to determine the types of motions available in each...
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Axial and Appendicular Muscles01:18

Axial and Appendicular Muscles

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Skeletal muscles, the key players in our body's movement, can be classified into two groups based on their location and function: axial muscles and appendicular muscles. These classifications reflect the primary roles the muscles play in the body's structure and movement.
Axial Muscles
Axial muscles, situated along the body's midline, are intricately connected to the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum. These muscles facilitate facial expressions and...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
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Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

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Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
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Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

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The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...
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Author Spotlight: Evaluating Traditional Chinese Therapy for Ankylosing Spondylitis in Mice
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轴性脊柱关节炎

Victoria Navarro-Compán1, Alexandre Sepriano2, Dafne Capelusnik3

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.

Lancet (London, England)
|January 11, 2025
PubMed
概括

轴性脊柱关节炎是一种慢性炎症,导致背部疼痛和硬. 早期诊断和治疗,包括NSAID和先进疗法,对于预防不可逆转的损伤和改善患者的生活质量至关重要.

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科学领域:

  • 风湿病学和免疫学
  • 肌肉骨疾病

背景情况:

  • 轴性脊柱关节炎 (AxSpA) 是一种慢性炎症性疾病,影响关节和脊柱.
  • 最初的症状包括背部疼痛和硬,但外周和肌肉骨表现也很常见.
  • 诊断具有挑战性,需要临床,实验室 (HLA-B27) 和成像检测的结合.

研究的目的:

  • 提供轴性脊髓关节炎的概述,包括其表现,诊断挑战和当前的管理策略.
  • 强调及时诊断和持续性疾病活动评估对于预防结构损伤的重要性.
  • 讨论改善疾病意识,诊断和患者结果的未来方向.

主要方法:

  • 对诊断的临床模式,实验室标记 (HLA-B27) 和成像检测结果 (X射线图,MRI) 的审查.
  • 在国际脊椎关节炎协会 (ASAS) 的分类标准中使用评估.
  • 使用诸如轴性关节炎疾病活动评分 (ASDAS) 等工具评估疾病活动.

主要成果:

  • AxSpA表现出多种症状,需要全面的诊断方法.
  • 持续的疾病活动与不可逆转的结构损伤和功能损害相关.
  • 目前的治疗包括非药物干预和药物治疗,NSAIDs作为第一线,生物制剂/JAK抑制剂作为第二线.

结论:

  • 早期和准确的AxSpA诊断对于有效的管理至关重要.
  • 优化疾病管理策略对于缓解长期并发症至关重要.
  • 未来的进展旨在提高疾病意识,诊断能力和患者的生活质量.