饮用水盐度对哺乳母牛的饮用水和料摄入量,牛奶产量以及乳头生理学的影响
A Iritz1, D Espinoza1, M G Taye1
1Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion 7528809, Israel; Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|January 12, 2025
概括
盐度较低的饮用水可能会影响奶牛. 增加水的盐度高达1000μS/cm对哺乳母牛的干物摄入量和奶产产生了积极的影响,这表明最佳的矿物质含量至关重要.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳制品营养 乳制品营养
- 动物生理学 动物生理学
背景情况:
- 在干旱地区,淡化海水的使用正在增加,导致牲畜饮用水中的矿物质含量降低.
- 降低水的盐度可能会影响乳母奶牛的乳头功能,料摄入量和牛奶产量.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同饮用水盐度对哺乳乳乳母牛表现的影响.
- 为了确定干旱环境中的奶牛饮用水的最佳电导率 (EC) 范围.
主要方法:
- 在4x4拉丁方形设计中使用了四只多对的以色列霍尔斯坦牛.
- 奶牛在18天的时间内获得了EC水平为400,600,800和1000μS/cm (200-500ppmTDS) 的饮用水.
- 测量包括料/水摄入量,牛奶产量/成分,体重,皮参数 (pH,温度,VFA,NH3) 和营养消化能力.
主要成果:
- 饮用水的盐度与干物摄入量和能量校正的牛奶产量呈正相关性.
- 牛奶产量在EC水平400至600μS/cm之间显示出最显著的改善.
- 无灰胺酶处理的NDF消化能力随着水的盐度增加而降低;乳头挥发性脂肪酸和氨度不受影响.
结论:
- 饮用水的矿物质度显著影响哺乳母牛的奶产和干物质摄入量.
- 水的盐度水平在400-600μS/cm之间可能是提高奶牛牛奶产量的最佳水平.
- 需要进一步的研究,才能充分了解水中矿物质含量对乳头生理学和牛的整体表现的影响.
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