头癌子部位的发病率趋势:全国基于人口的研究 (2001-2020年)
Kelten Clements1, Alex D McMahon1,2, Lesley Bhatti2
1School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
概括
头癌发病率总体稳定,但口腔癌正在显著增加,而喉癌正在下降. 这突显了20多年来头癌的不同趋势.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 头癌 (HNC) 是一个严重的全球健康问题.
- 了解特定HNC子站点的时间趋势对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,在不同的HNC解剖学部门中,发生率模式各不相同.
研究的目的:
- 调查头癌 (HNC) 发病率的流行病学趋势.
- 在20年的时间内分析喉,口腔和口腔癌的趋势.
- 在HNC中识别特定的亚站点,这些亚站点在发病率中呈现显著变化.
主要方法:
- 采用了追溯的,基于人群的观察性研究设计.
- 从苏格兰癌症登记处分析了苏格兰 (2001-2020年) 新诊断的HNC患者的数据.
- 使用joinpoint和Poisson回归分析来评估年龄标准化发病率的趋势.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,HNC发生率保持稳定 (AAPC 0.29%).
- 口腔癌的发病率显著增加 (AAPC 3.76%),特别是在桃体和舌头底部.
- 喉癌的发病率显著下降 (AAPC -2.56%),主要是由于喉癌的减少;口腔癌的发病率稳定.
结论:
- 尽管整体HNC率稳定,但在解剖学部门之间存在显著的分歧趋势.
- 随着口腔大癌的负担不断增加,需要集中注意力和资源.
- 喉癌率的下降可能反映了风险因素的变化或早期检测的改善.
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