高强度训练对运动员跳跃表现的影响:通过元分析进行系统审查
Xinzhi Wang1, Kim Geok Soh2, Shamsulariffin Samsudin1
1Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Scientific reports
|January 12, 2025
概括
高强度训练 (HIT) 显著提高了运动员的跳跃表现,高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 显示了中等效果,高强度功能训练 (HIFT) 显示了较小的效果. 这些好处广泛适用于不同的运动员人口统计学.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 运动员的表现很大程度上依赖于爆炸力,特别是跳跃能力.
- 高强度训练 (HIT) 包含各种方式,包括高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 和高强度功能训练 (HIFT).
- 不同的HIT协议对跳跃性能的具体影响需要全面的综合.
研究的目的:
- 进行一项元分析,评估高强度训练 (HIT) 对运动跳跃表现的影响.
- 为了比较不同HIT模式的疗效,特别是HIIT和HIFT.
- 探索影响HIT对跳跃能力影响的潜在缓和因素.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost) 进行了系统的文献搜索,遵循PRISMA指南.
- 包括18项高质量的研究,涉及490名运动员 (6-27岁),使用PEDro规模评估方法质量.
- 使用随机效应元分析和子组分析来确定总体效应并确定影响变量.
主要成果:
- 高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 对跳跃表现具有中等的积极影响 (ES = 0.918).
- 高强度功能训练 (HIFT) 显示出一个小的积极效应 (ES = 0.581).
- 小组分析表明,参与者的年龄,性别,培训经验和干预参数并没有显著改变HIT对跳跃的积极影响.
结论:
- 高强度训练 (HIT) 是提高运动员跳跃表现的有效方法.
- 无论是HIIT还是HIFT都有助于增强跳跃能力,HIIT产生更明显的效果.
- HIT的积极影响在各种运动员特征中是一致的,这表明它具有广泛的适用性,尽管建议进行进一步研究.
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