在婴儿语音中,语境之间的prosodic变化
Jenna DiStefano1,2, Michelle Cohn3, Georgia Zellou3
1Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, USA.
Journal of child language
|January 13, 2025
概括
父母根据上下文修改婴儿导向语音 (IDS). 语音表达,包括音调范围和单词速率,在不同的交互任务中差异很大,讲故事引发了最明显的声音调整.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 声学语音学的声音学
背景情况:
- 语音模式适应听众,特别是在婴儿语音 (IDS) 中.
- 关于父母对婴儿的语音调整在不同的互动环境中如何变化,目前的研究有限.
- 了解这些变化至关重要,因为婴儿和父母从事各种日常活动.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查英语婴儿导向语音 (IDS) 的声学特性是否在三个不同的实验室任务中有所不同.
- 分析父母言语的表达式特征如何在与婴儿互动的不同环境中发生变化.
主要方法:
- 在英语婴儿导向演讲 (IDS) 中对声学特征的分析.
- 测量中的prosodic变量包括平均基本频率 (F0,音调),F0范围和单词速率.
- 在实验室的三个任务中收集了语音样本:对象排序,自由游戏和讲故事.
主要成果:
- 根据任务,在婴儿导向语音 (IDS) 中观察到父母的音调范围和单词速率的显著变化.
- 讲故事任务的特点是,与其他任务相比,音调范围更广,单词速率更快.
- 这些发现表明,上下文因素影响了针对婴儿的父母语言修改.
结论:
- 针对婴儿的家长语言不是单一的,而是根据交互的背景动态调整.
- 婴儿导向语音 (IDS) 的前奏特征显示了依赖任务的调制,突出了父母婴儿沟通的灵活性.
- 这项研究强调了在检查婴儿导向沟通中的语音调整时考虑特定活动的重要性.
更多相关视频
06:07Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm
Published on: May 15, 2019
8.3K
05:35Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
Published on: April 19, 2017
6.6K
相关概念视频
01:22Language Development
315
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
315
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
36
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
36
01:24Components of Language
240
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
240
01:27Language and Cognition
321
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
321