基于区块链的安全联合学习与本地差异性隐私和激励
Saptarshi DE Chaudhury1, Likhith Reddy Morreddigari1, Matta Varun1
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India.
概括
本研究介绍了使用区块链和局部差异隐私 (LDP) 的联合学习 (FL) 的新方法. 它鼓励数据共享,确保只有贡献节点才能访问受过训练的模型,增强安全性和参与性.
科学领域:
- 区块链技术 区块链技术
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 网络安全 网络安全
背景情况:
- 联邦学习 (FL) 的采用正在增长,但参与者对受训模型的安全访问仍然是一个重大挑战.
- 现有的FL系统难以将模型访问限制在仅限于积极贡献者的范围内,这带来了安全性和公平性的问题.
- 当地差异隐私 (LDP) 提供数据模糊,但需要与激励机制集成,以实现有效的FL.
研究的目的:
- 根据地方差异隐私 (LDP) 在联邦学习 (FL) 中激励模型参数共享的新方法.
- 确保只有积极参与的节点才能访问更新的全球模型,解决当前FL系统中的一个关键挑战.
- 利用区块链技术来安全,分散地管理FL流程和模型访问.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个基于代币的激励机制,在LDP下共享较少模糊数据的节点可以获得更多的代币.
- 利用HyperLedger Fabric (HLF),一个许可区块链,用于本地参数共享和全球参数更新.
- 在HLF内实施了链代码 (智能合约) 来管理代币分配和模型访问控制.
主要成果:
- 在LDP下共享较少扰乱数据的节点得到了代币的奖励,从而可以访问加密的模型参数.
- 贡献较少或共享高度扰乱数据的节点取较少的代币,可能限制它们访问更新的全球模型.
- 实验结果证明了拟议的基于区块链的FL方法的可行性和有效性.
结论:
- 拟议的方法成功地激励了使用区块链在LDP启用FL中的模型参数共享.
- 对受训模型的访问控制得到有效管理,确保只有贡献节点才能检索更新的参数.
- 基于区块链的方法提高了安全性,减轻了单点故障,并验证了系统的可行性.
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