活性中性粒细胞:下一代细胞免疫疗法
Ninad Kumbhojkar1,2, Samir Mitragotri1,2
1Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Allston Massachusetts USA.
Bioengineering & translational medicine
|January 13, 2025
概括
活化中性粒细胞,尽管先前的限制,由于增长寿命和免疫刺激功能的细胞疗法显示出希望. 本综述探讨了它们的治疗潜力和新型免疫疗法临床转化方面的挑战.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞疗法 细胞疗法
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 中性粒细胞是最丰富的免疫细胞,但由于寿命短且对其疾病作用的理解有限,因此通常被忽视为细胞疗法.
- 中性粒细胞的激活显著改变了它们的生物学,增加了寿命,细胞因子分泌和效应器功能,增强了它们的免疫反应能力.
- 活性中性粒细胞在抗瘤免疫力中至关重要,可以刺激下游免疫反应,表明治疗潜力.
研究的目的:
- 为提供活性中性粒细胞生物学的全面审查.
- 讨论中性粒细胞激活的机制及其对其他免疫细胞的影响.
- 探索激活中性粒细胞基细胞疗法的治疗应用和挑战.
主要方法:
- 对中性粒细胞生物学,激活和免疫治疗研究的文献综述.
- 在炎症和瘤微环境中分析中性粒细胞的功能.
- 检查活性中性粒细胞的现有和潜在的临床应用.
主要成果:
- 中性粒细胞激活使寿命更长,并增强了效应器功能,包括细胞因子分泌.
- 活性中性粒细胞可以调节下游免疫反应,是抗瘤免疫的关键参与者.
- 特定的条件和激活方法为治疗效益提供了机会.
结论:
- 活性中性粒细胞代表了一种有希望的,但尚未充分利用的细胞类型,用于新型免疫疗法.
- 对激活机制和临床翻译的进一步研究是必要的,以克服当前的挑战.
- 基于中性粒细胞的细胞疗法具有治疗各种疾病,特别是癌症的巨大潜力.
相关概念视频
Cells of the Innate Immune Response
1.4K
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
1.4K
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes
1.3K
Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
1.3K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
839
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
839
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
66.8K
Overview
66.8K
Tumor Immunotherapy
469
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
469
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
950
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
950


