住宅自然暴露和可行性之间的相互作用及其与心血管健康的关联
Omar M Makram1,2, Nwabunie Nwana3, Alan Pan3
1Center for Health & Nature, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA.
JACC. Advances
|January 13, 2025
概括
获得更高质量的绿色空间与更好的心血管健康有关. 将自然与可步行环境相结合是预防心血管疾病的关键.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 绿色空间暴露与心血管 (CV) 健康有关.
- 自然的获取和质量显著影响心血管风险因素和整体健康结果.
研究的目的:
- 调查自然环境暴露和绿地质量的综合测量NatureScore与CV风险因素之间的关系.
- 评估NatureScore与动脉样硬化心血管疾病 (ASCVD) 之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 来自休斯顿卫理教学习卫生系统门诊登记处 (Houston Methodist Learning Health System Outpatient Registry) 的100多万成年患者的横截面研究 (2016-2022年).
- 基于住宅地址计算的NatureScore从0到100不等,并分为四个级别:自然缺乏/轻,充足,丰富和乌托邦.
- 心血管疾病的危险因素包括高血压,糖尿病,脂质失调和肥胖. 对邻里可行性进行了统计调整.
主要成果:
- 与NatureScore评分最低的社区相比,NatureScore评分最高的社区的患者表现出CV风险因素和ASCVD的发病率较低.
- 在NatureScore和可行性之间观察到显著的相互作用,表明高NatureScore和高可行性区域的结合与降低心血管风险因素和最佳心血管风险概率的更高概率有关.
- 在最高的NatureScore组中,较低的心血管风险因素的几率比为0.91 (95%CI:0.90-0.93),ASCVD的几率比为0.96 (95%CI:0.93-0.98).
结论:
- 绿色空间对健康有积极的影响,但其对心血管健康的保护作用在可通过步行环境进入时会被放大.
- 将自然环境与步行友好型基础设施相结合,对于最大限度地提高心血管疾病预防策略至关重要.
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